Vertical CNC lathe is a machine tool controlled by computer digital signals. When operating, the pre programmed machining program is input into a dedicated computer for the machine tool. The computer then commands the servo motors of each coordinate axis of the machine tool to control the sequence, speed, and movement of various components of the lathe, and matches the selected spindle speed to turn workpieces with different shapes. Vertical CNC lathes are divided into three categories based on their functions: economical CNC lathes, ordinary CNC lathes, and turning centers.

1) Economic CNC lathe

The economical CNC lathe is an improved design based on the ordinary horizontal lathe, generally using an open-loop servo system driven by a stepper motor, and its control department usually uses a microcontroller. Economic CNC lathes have low costs, poor automation and functionality, and low turning accuracy, making them suitable for turning rotary parts with low precision requirements.

2) Ordinary CNC lathe

A regular CNC lathe is a CNC lathe specially designed and equipped with a universal CNC system based on the requirements of turning machining. Its CNC system has strong functions, high degree of automation and machining accuracy, and can control both X and Z coordinate axes simultaneously. It is widely used and suitable for turning general rotary parts.

3) Turning center

The turning center is based on the ordinary CNC lathe, with the addition of C-axis and milling power head. The more advanced CNC lathe has a tool magazine that can control the X, Z, and C coordinate axes. Due to the addition of C-axis and milling power head, its machining function has been greatly enhanced. In addition to general turning, it can also perform radial and axial milling, surface milling, eccentric hole and radial hole machining, etc.